湖北專升本英語真題：閱讀理解分析+答案

　　2021年湖北專升本報名即將開始，很多考生都在抓緊時間備考，英語是非常關(guān)鍵的一項，都想取得一個好成績，易學(xué)仕給大家分享一份湖北專升本英語閱讀理解真題練習(xí)，下面附有答案解析，一起來看看吧！ 

　　Auctions(拍賣)are public sales of goods,made by an officially approved auctioneer.He asked the crowd assembled in the auction room to make offers,or bids,for the various items on sale.He encouraged buyers to bid higher?gures,and?nally named the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods.This is called“knocking down the goods,for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a table at which he stands.”This is often set on a raised platform called a rostrum.

　　The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction,and the English word comes from the Latinauction,meaning“increase”.The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war,these sales were called“sub hash”,meaning“under the spear”,a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather.In England in the eighteenth century,goods were often sold by the candle:a short candle was lit by the auctioneer,and bids could be made while it stayed alight.

　　Practically all goods whose qualities varied are sold by auction.Among these are coffee,hides,skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,spices,fruit,vegetables and wines.Auction sales are also usual for land and property,antique furniture,pictures,rare books,old china and similar works of art.The auction rooms at Christies and Sotheby’s in London and New York are world famous.

　　An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by prospective buyers.If the advertisement cannot give full details,catalogues are printed,and each group of goods to be sold together,called a“l(fā)ot”,is usually given a number.The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in numerical order he may wait until he registers the fact that certain dealers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in.The auctioneer’s services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for.The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible.

　　1.A“bidder”(in Para.1)is a person _______.

　　A.who sells something.

　　B.who buys something.

　　C.who offers a price.

　　D.who borrows something.

　　2.Auctioned goods are sold _______ price offered.

　　A.for the highest

　　B.for the?xed

　　C.for the lowes

　　D.for the unexpected

　　3.The end of the bidding is called“knocking down”because _______.

　　A.the auctioneer knocks the buyer down

　　B.the auctioneer knocks the rostrum down

　　C.the goods are knocked down onto the table

　　D.the auctioneer bangs the table with a hammer

　　4.The“candle”used in paragraph 2 is _______.

　　A.because they took place at night

　　B.as a signal for the crowd to gather

　　C.to give light to the auctioneer

　　D.to limit the time when offers could be made

　　5.An auction catalogue gives prospective buyers _______.

　　A.the current market values of the goods

　　B.details of the goods to be sold

　　C.the order in which goods must be sold

　　D.free admission to the auction sale

　　專升本英語真題

　　答案解析:

　　1.C.詞義題。從文章多處可以得知這個詞的意思就是指在拍賣的過程中給出標(biāo)價的人。故答案應(yīng)該選擇C。

　　2.A.細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章第一段可以得知只有出價最高的人才有權(quán)利把物品買走，所以答案選A。

　　3.D.細(xì)節(jié)題。給果求因。文章第一段最后說到拍賣的最后一錘定音，所以才叫做“拍價”，所以答案應(yīng)該選D。

　　4.D.細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干可知答案應(yīng)該去第二段尋找，文章中說到蠟燭亮著的時候，人們開始標(biāo)價，而且還說到是短的蠟燭，也就是說蠟燭是限制標(biāo)價時間的一個工具。所以D項是正確答案。

　　5.B.細(xì)節(jié)題。從文章最后一段的第一句可以知道目錄是為了給潛力購買者提供詳細(xì)的出售物品的信息。選項B符合原文意思。

　　【譯文】

　　拍賣是由官方認(rèn)可的拍賣人承辦的物品公開銷售活動。拍賣人把人員召集到拍賣行去為要出售的多種商品做估價或者競價。他鼓勵買方出更高的價格，最后確定最高標(biāo)價人為商品的買主。我們稱拍賣為“一錘定音”，是因為拍賣人一旦敲響桌前的小錘，拍賣即告結(jié)束。整個拍賣都發(fā)生在一個臺子上，也就是所說的標(biāo)臺。

　　很可能是古羅馬人發(fā)明了拍賣銷售，拍賣的英語單詞來源于拉丁文中的拍賣，意思是“上升”。羅馬人通常用這種形式銷售戰(zhàn)爭中得到的戰(zhàn)利品，這些交易被叫做“混亂之下”，意思是“長矛之下”，就是說把一根長矛插在地上作為人群聚集的信號。在18世紀(jì)的英格蘭，物品經(jīng)常以“蠟燭交易”的形式出售:由拍賣人點燃一短根蠟燭，然后在蠟燭亮著的時候開始競爭標(biāo)價。

　　實際上所有質(zhì)地不同的物品都是通過拍賣銷售的。其中有咖啡，獸皮，皮毛，羊毛，茶葉，可可粉，毛皮，香料，水果，蔬菜和葡萄酒。地皮和財產(chǎn)拍賣也很常見，比如古董家具，字畫，善本，古瓷器和類似的藝術(shù)品。倫敦的Christie和紐約的Sotheby拍賣行聞名于世界。

　　拍賣通常會預(yù)先以廣告的形式給拍賣品附上詳盡的特點說明并告知潛力購買者物品會在何時何地展出。如果沒有詳盡的廣告，拍賣方將提供打印的目錄，那么每組一起出售的物品被叫做“標(biāo)的”，通常會附上號碼。拍賣人不必以1號地開始，同時不需要按照數(shù)字順序進行。他可以等到一定數(shù)量的商人進入到房間后，然后再根據(jù)他們的喜好創(chuàng)造標(biāo)的。拍賣人的服務(wù)費是以出售物品的百分比的形式來支付的。因此拍賣人對把標(biāo)價抬得越高越好是有直接興趣的。

　　從專升本閱讀理解真題中可以看出，大部分閱讀理解題都少不了細(xì)節(jié)題，可以說細(xì)節(jié)題占的部分比較廣泛。大家可以多多訓(xùn)練細(xì)節(jié)題的練習(xí)，可以到易學(xué)仕多做一些其他的湖北專升本英語練習(xí)題。